Francis taggart



(No Modell) "1".TAG-8AM,

PULVERIZER.

No. 405,281. 'Patepteduune 18, 1889.

v UNITFD STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANoIs TAeeAR'r, oFRRooKLYN,AssIGNoR To MARY A. s. FLosTRonoF I New YORK, N VY.

PuLvERlzER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent o. 405,281, dated June 18, 1889.

' Application filed February 9,-1888. Serial No. 263,523. (No model.)

To all 1071/0711/ it *may concern.-y i

Be it known that I, FRANCIS TAGGART, of Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in the improved construction, hereinafter described and set forth7 whereby substances are reduced to an exceed- Io ingly fine condition.

ln the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure l is a vertical section of an apparatus embodying my improvements and designed to carry my in- 5 vention into effect, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the dotted line of Fig. l,show ing the lower portion of the reduction-cham ber.

Upon a suitable base A is mounted and supzo ported a section B, which 'is provided with base-flanges a, resting on the said base. The central part h of the section B is vertical and conical. Y A sectional ring yC surrounds the cone b at its base, the said ring being supz 5 ported upon the flange a. The'ring C is curved or recessed on its inner side, so as to form an annular chamber or channel, which is intersected at its bottom by the lower face portion of the cone, and said sectional ring is pro- 3o vided with a removable lining ax. By reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that the ring C has an offset c, arranged tangential with respect thereto, said offset being perforated to form a passage d, which communicates with 3 5 the annular chamber presented by the ring. The pipe formed by the offset communicates with a suitable source adapted to supply air or other fluid under pressure, such air-supply being controlled and regulated by a valve e. 4o A shell D is provided with a base-fic nge f, whereby it is supported upon the ring C, as seen in Fig. l. This shell is of such relative size as to leave sufficient space between it and the cone b to form the upper part of the reducing-chamber. The shell D is provided at one side with an offset g, which is perforated, as shown, and connected to the end of the pipe h, for supplying the material from the hopper fi to the annular chamber or chan= 5o nel.

Connected to the upper end of the shell D is the lower end of an extended vertical duct or pipe E, which curves at its upper end, as shown in Fig. l, to intersect an opening in the side of the settling-chamber F. A pipe G within the settling-chamber connects at its upper end with the pipe E.

A hopper H of tapering form is connected to the lower portion of the settling-chamber, and is provided at its lower end with an au- 6o tomatic weighted valve I, for delivering the reduced material to proper receptacles. The valve referred to consists of two sections j j, which,`when they are in the position indicated by dot-ted lines, Fig. 1, form the bottom of the hopper. Each section j j is provided with an eye 7c, which is rigidly mounted on a shaft l, one end of which projects beyond the side of the hopper, and is provided with an arm m carrying an adjustable sliding weight n, said 7o weights serving to cause saldnhllmllill tain the shafts as to normally hold the sections j j in a closed position.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The material to be reduced having been in-v troduced into the annular ring-chamber by way of the hopper e' and pipe h, and the latter suitably closed, air under pressure is admitted through the passage Cl to the rin g-chamber. The material under the motive action 8o or impelling force ofthe air is caused to move rapidly around the ring chamber or channel in the direction indicated by the arrowsin Fig. 2. The friction of the rapidly-moving substance or material against the interior sur- 8 5 face of the circular cylindrical chamber, said contact being increased by the action of the centrifugal force, has the effect of acting as a retarding force to cause difference of motion or velocity between the fragments and 9o particles of the outer portion and the fragments and particles of the inner portion of the mass of substance moving at high velocity around within the chamber. The difference of motion referred to is increased by the difference between the length of the line of motion upon which the inner portion of the mass vof fragments and the length of 'the outer line of motion upon which the outer mass moves, and this difference has the effect of causing roo 5 escape of the air.

the inner line of fragments, while pressing forcibly upon the next inner line of fragments,

to move over or pass them and reduce them by attrition,this operation being the same of 5 all the lines successively to the outer one. The outer line of material is subjected to the entire centrifugal force of all the inner lines of fragments pressing against them, and will therebybe nearly or quite crushed to powder without attrition, while, with the attrition and pressure combined, the substance will be rapidly reduced to a very fine powder. Another result of this op eration is th at th'e action of the fragments and particles upon each other i 5 will inevitably tend to cause each particle or fragment to revolve very rapidly on its own axis, thus greatly facilitating the reduction and comminution of the substance. As the material or substance becomes reduced into :o powder, the ascending' current of air escaping up the pipe E carries said powder particles in suspension and deposits them into the settlingchamber F, the latter being provided with a suitable duct or orifice at its top for the final The heavier particles overcome the momentum of the ascending current and drop back around the cone b, to be deiiected therefrom into the annular chamber for further reduction.

o The rcductionchamber may be charged with a suitable quantity of the material, the air then admitted, and the reducing operation carried on until all the material is reduced. To secure the best results, however, it is more 5 preferable to continuously feed the material to the reducing-chamber, so that the latter @will always contain annaxilnum quantity or...

charge, so that the power will be expended with the greatest effect.

o The air is prevented from escaping through the supply-hopper by providing the latter with a suitable cap or cover. Under some conditions the hopper can be filled with material to be reduced, which will be fed to the 5 reducing-chamber as the charge in the latter becomes pulverized and is carried olf.

I do not limit myself to the exact form of apparatus herein shown and described, as the same may be subjected to modification and change without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claiml. In an apparatus for reducing substances, the combination, with the body provided with circular chamber, supply-opening communicating therewith, and suitable discharge leading therefrom, of an air-inlet pipe communicating tangentially with said chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for reducing substances, the combination, with the body provided with circular chamber, supply-opening communicating therewith, and a suitable discharge leading therefrom, of a central cone located in said chamber, and an air-inlet pipe communicating tangentially with the latter, substantially as set forth.

3. In an apparat-us for reducing substances, the combination, with the body provided with circular chamber, supply-opening com1nunicating therewith, and a suitable discharge leading therefrom, of a removable lining in said chamber, and an air-inlet pipe communicatin g tai'igentially with the lat-ter, substantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus for reducing substances, the combination, with the body provided with the circular chamber and supply opening communicating therewith, of an air-inlet pipe communicating tangentially with the reducing-chamber, a dischargepipe leading therefrom, and a settling-chamber communicating with said discharge-pipe, substantially asset forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal this 27 th day of May, A. l). 1887.

FRANCIS TAGGART. ULL. s] Witnesses:

Jos. F. ARNOLD, FRANK VARIAN. 

